大学英语六级模拟试卷(216)
Part I
Reading Comprehension
(35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage A
The term“Hudson River school”was applied to the foremost representatives of nineteenth-century North American landscape painting. ①[Apparently unknown during the golden days of the American landscape movement, which began around 1850 and lasted until the late 1860's, the Hudson River school seems to have emerged in the 1870's as a direct result of the struggle between the old and the new generations of artists, each to assert its own style as the representative American art.]The older painters, most of whom were born before 1835, practiced in a mode often self-taught and  monopolized by landscape subject matter and were securely established in and fostered by the reigning American art organization, the National Academy of Design. The younger painters returning home from training in Europe worked more with figural subject matter and in a bold and impressionistic technique；their prospects for patronage in their own country were uncertain, and they sought to attract it by attaining academic recognition in New York. ②[One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that what in previous years had been referred to as the“American Native”or occasionally“New York school”—the most representative school of American art in any genre—had by 1890 become firmly established in the minds of critics and public alike as the Hudson River school.]
    The sobriquet(假名,绰号) was first applied around 1879. While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. the Academicians at whom it was aimed had worded and socialized in New York, the Hudson's port city, and had painted the river and its shores with varying frequency. Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity, a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the term applied to the group of landscapists was that many of them had, like Cole, lived on or near the banks of the Hudson. Further, the river had long served as the principal route to other sketching grounds favored by the Academicians, particularly the Adirondacks and the mountains of Vermont and New Hampshire.
1.fidelity 忠诚
2.foremost 首要的，第一的
3.patronage 身份  
1.What is the main idea of the passage?
 A.The early history of North American landscape paintings.
 B.The emergence of Hudson River school and the origin of its name.
 C.The development of American art
 D.The conflict between old and young artists.
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据各段中心句可知,第一段讲了哈得逊流派的出现,第二段讲了名字的由来。【误区警示】A、C项太笼统；D项属细节。【应试技巧】这是主旨题,应抓住各段中心句。
2.How do the old painters born before 1835 receive training in art?
 A.By a lot of practice.
 B. By training and guidance in the National Academy of Design.
 C.By studying abroad.
 D.By travelling around and drawing.
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据第一段第三句...fostered by the reigning American art organization, the National Academy of Design.可知。【误区警示】A、D项本文未提及；C项指young artists。【应试技巧】这是细节题,需准确定位。
3. The following are differences between the old and young artists around in the 1870's EXCEPT ______.
 A.They received training in different places
 B.The subject matters in their paints were different
 C. They had different artistic style
 D.They thought their art as the representative American art
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据第一段第二句可知,D项是二者共同之处。【误区警示】A、B、C项均在第一段被提及,是二者的区别。【应试技巧】这是细节题,需定位第一段。
4.The following are the reasons for the nickname of the Hudson River school EXCEPT ______.
 A. they had painted the Hudson river
 B. the Academicians developed a manner of technique of Thomas Cole, who painted scenery bordering the Hudson River
 C. many of landscapists lived on or near the banks of the Hudson
 D.they had artistic training in Hudson river
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据第二段可知,只有D项未被提及。【误区警示】A、B、C项分别与第二段第三句、第四句、第五句对应。【应试技巧】这是细节题,需定位第二段,将提到的选项逐一排除。
5.It can be inferred that after 1870, the most representative kind of American painting was ______.
 A.figural and impressionistic painting
 B.landscape painting
 C. New York school
 D.sketching
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据第一段第四句可知。【误区警示】B项属老艺术家的风格；C项、D项均不属于Hudson River school的艺术风格。【应试技巧】这是细节题,需定位具体句子。
 
Passage B
If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation—conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind；this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained.
    The opposite of evaporation is precipitation(降雨), such as raining, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted(稀释,变淡) so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.
    ①[Normally, in tropical regions where the sun shine is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation.]Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than that in other oceanic areas.
    A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. ②[In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared.]Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.
    ③[In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water.]This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of the oceans of the world.
1.conversion 转变
2.crystals of salt 盐晶体            
3.salinity 盐度            
4.subtraction 减少
5.tropical regions 热带地区  
6. The passage mainly discusses ______.
 A. the elements of salt
 B.the bodies of water of the world
 C.the many forms of ocean life
 D.the salinity of ocean water
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。通观全文不难发现文章开头对海水盐度进行分析,并指出了影响海洋盐度的三个因素,同时在接下来的几段详细分析了影响海洋盐度的这三个因素。故可以得出本文主要讨论的是海洋盐度问题。【误区警示】本文并没有涉及盐的成分,A可排除；本文也没有提及世界上的水体和海洋生物,B、C两个干扰项也可轻易排除。【应试技巧】本题为主旨题,要注意能够概括全文内容,一般不是具体细节。
7.The author mentioned the Weddell Sea to ____
 A. show that this body of water has salinity variations
 B.compare Antarctic waters with Arctic waters
 C.give an example of cold-water salinity
 D. point out the location of deep waters
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。从文中可知,最后一段是第四段的延续,由“In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica，the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increase the salinity of cold water.”这句可以看出作者提到Weddell Sea是为了例证影响海洋盐度的第三个因素。【误区警示】干扰项A、D有一定的迷惑性,原文确实提及了Weddell Sea中海水盐度的改变以及比重大的水在海洋的深层部位,但这是其表面意义,结合第四段可以看出此非作者的真实意图。干扰项B与原文无关,可排除。【应试技巧】此题为推断题。要注意不依据关键词和主题而凭空进行推断的通病。
8.Which of the following is NOT a result of the formation of ocean ice?
 A. The salt remains in the water.
 B.The surrounding water sinks.
 C. Water salinity decreases.
 D.The water becomes denser.
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。由原文第四段第二句“When seawater is frozen,...,seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity.”可知海洋中冰块的形成将导致海水盐度增大,而C选项恰好相反。【误区警示】细读文章第四、五段可以很容易找到选项A、B、D中的信息。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,但是答案并不直接存在于文中,而是需要进一步推断。
9. What can be inferred about the water near the bottom of oceans?
 A. It is relatively warm.
 B.Its salinity is relatively high.
 C.It does not move.
 D.It is formed by melting sea ice.
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。从原文第五段第一句“...,the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increase the salinity of cold water.”可知海洋深处的水盐度较高。【误区警示】干扰项A、C原文并没有提及,而根据本文末句可知海洋深层的水是周围的水下沉,并非正在融化的冰,故干扰项D也可排除。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。要充分理解原文含义,以此类推,按照其特点寻找答案。
10.Which of the following statements about the salinity of a body of water can best be inferred from the passage?
 A.The temperature of the water is the most important factor.
 B.How quickly the water moves in directly related to the amount of salt.
 C.Ocean salinity has little effect on sea life.
 D.Various factors combine to cause variations in the salt content of water
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。文章指出了影响海水盐度的三个因素,并对其作了详细介绍，从而我们可以得出结论：海水中盐度的改变是各种因素综合作用的结果。【误区警示】干扰项B、C本文并没有提及,而且从常识上判断也是错误的,因为海水流速与盐度并没有直接关系,而海水盐度过高,海洋生物难以生存其中。干扰项A，原义提到了海水中冰块的形成与融化对盐度有影响,但并没有由此下结沦说此因素为最主要因素,故A也可排除掉。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,要根据文中的信息做出推断,注意选项的信息是否符合原文。
 
Passage C
In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. ①[The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international.]No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 BC.
    The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. ②[The exact sequence of events was uncertain, but events included boy's gymnastics(体操), boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.]
    On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.
    After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 AD. ③[They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics：the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars.]It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896.
    Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes' expenses.
    The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun's rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it, burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.
1.abolish 废除
2.accomodation 住宿
3.athletic 运动的
4.be suspended by 被……中止      
5.field events 田赛项目
6.spectator 观众
7.succession 连续  
11.In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games ______.
 A.were merely national athletic festivals
 B. were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colour
 C.had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous position
 D. were primarily national events with few foreign participants
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。通过原文第一段第一、二句所给的信息我们可以看出在古希腊,奥运会只是一种宗教色彩浓厚的国家盛事。【误区警示】选项A没有突出其重要特征：宗教色彩,比较片面。最初规定不许外国人参加奥运会,不是规定对外国人不利,故C不对。而起初的奥运会是没有外国选手参加的,故D排除。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,要注意变化,答案往往不与原文相同。
12.In the early days of ancient Olympic Games ______.
 A. only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the games.
 B. all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take part
 C.all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in Games
 D.all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据文章第二段第二、三句所给出的信息我们可知已婚妇女是不能观看比赛的,而奴隶、妇女、以及地位低下的人是不允许参加的。【误区警示】充分理解第三段前三句,可见B、C、D选项对参赛人员的描述都有误,很容易排除。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。认真阅读相关语句,从中找出最佳答案。
13. The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics ______.
 A.has not definitely been established
 B. varied according to the number of foreign competitors
 C. was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were held
 D.was considered unimportant
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。从第二段最后一句话“The exact sequence of events uncertain,...”中可以看出本题正确答案为A, establish这里意为：证实。【误区警示】选项B、D本文没有提及,而选项C更为荒诞,宙斯是想象中的众神之王,并非现实中的人物。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,找出原文中相关语句,稍作变化即为答案。
14. Modern athletes' results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because ______.
 A. the Greeks had no means of recording the results
 B. they are much better
 C.details such as the time were not recorded in the past
 D.they are much worse
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。由第三段最后一句“How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling.”可判断。【误区警示】选项B、D本文并没有提及；选项A是强干扰项,但原文说的是我们无从比较,因为没有记录,而不是因为古希腊人没办法记录。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。要注意细一节题的答案往往不是原文,而是换了一种说法。
15. Nowadays, the athletes' expenses are paid for ______.
 A.out of the prize money of the winners
 B. out of the funds raised by the competing nations
 C.by the athletes themselves
 D.by contributions
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。从文章第五段最后一句话“...，but competing countries pay their own athletes' expenses.”可以判断。【误区警示】根据文章所给信息,选项A、C、D都比较容易排除。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,只要从文中找出相关原文很易回答。
 
Passage D
Everyone has a moment in history which belongs particularly to him. ①[It is the moment when his emotions achieve their most powerful sway over him, and afterward when you say to this person“the world today”or“life”or“reality”he will assume that you mean this moment, even if it is fifty years past.]The world, through his unleashed(释放的) emotions, imprinted itself upon him, and he carries the stamp of that passing moment forever.
    For me, this moment—four years in a moment in history—was the war. The war was and is reality for me. I still instinctively live and think in its atmosphere. These are some of its characteristics: Franklin Delano Roosevelt is the president of its characteristics: Franklin Delano Roosevelt is the President of the United States, and he always has been. The other two eternal world leaders are Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin. America is not, never has been, and never will be what the song and poems call it, a land of plenty. Nylon, meat, gasoline, and steel are rare. There are too many jobs and not enough workers. Money is very easy to earn but rather hard to spend, because there isn't very much to buy. Trains are always late and always crowded with“service men”. The war will always be fought very far from America, and it will never end. Nothing in America stands still for very long, including the people who are always either leaving or on leave. People in America cry often. ②[Sixteen is the key and crucial and natural age for a human being to be, and people of all other ages are ranged in an orderly manner ahead of and behind you as a harmonious setting for the sixteen-year-olds of the world.]When you are sixteen, adults are slightly impressed and almost intimidated(恐吓；威胁)by you. This is a puzzle finally solved by the realization that they foresee your military future: fighting for them. You do not foresee it. To waste anything in America is immoral. String and tinfoil are treasures. ③[Newspapers are always crowded with strange maps and names of towns, and every few months the earth seems to lurch (突然倾斜) from its path when your see something in newspapers, such as the time Mussolini, who almost seemed one of the eternal leaders, is photographed hanging upside down on a meat hook.]
1.sway 影响；支配
2.imprint 印记
3.eternal 永恒的
4.be on leave 休假
5.immoral 不道德的  
16. Which statement best depicts the main idea of the first paragraph?
 A.Reality is what you make of it.
 B.Time is like a river.
 C.Emotions are powerful.
 D.Every person has a special moment
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。问题是要求总结第一段的段意,本段主要讲每个人都有自己念念不忘的一刻,段首为主题句。【误区警示】A、B两项文中未提及；C项是产生特殊时刻的一个条件,不是本段主题。【应试技巧】此题为主旨题。要注意题干要求,答案往往具有概括性。
17. Why does the author still clearly remember the war?
 A. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the president
 B.It was his personal reality and part of his life.
 C. There was not much to buy.
 D. The war would never end.
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。文章第二段第二、三句提到,那场战争无论过去还是现在对我来说都是真实的事情。我仍然本能地活在真实的气氛里。【误区警示】A、C两项都是客观事实,与作者的情绪关系不大,不大可能为答案；D项不符合事实,事实上战争只持续了四年。【应试技巧】此题为推断题。答案往往具有概括性,一般不是具体事实。
18.It was very real for him, yet he was not actively involved.
 A.It was real for him because he was a soldier at that time.
 B.It was very unreal to him.
 C. It was very unreal to him.
 D.The war was very disruptive to the people at home.
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。从文章第二段作者对战争的描述可知他虽没有参战,但他很清楚地记得战争,由此可推知A为正确答案。【误区警示】作者没有参战,只是对二战的情景记忆深刻,所以B错误；C项意义相反；D项不属于作者自己的感受。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,要推测作者的感觉,注意一些关键的表达感情的词语。
19. Why does the author think that adults are impressed with sixteen-year—olds?
 A. Adults would like to be young.
 B.Sixteen-year-olds do not waste things.
 C.Sixteen-year-olds read newspapers.
 D.They will be fighting soon for adults.
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据文章第二段倒数第四、五句,人们知道十六、七岁的男孩子们会去打仗(military future),所以用一种异样的眼光看着他们。【误区警示】其余三项与战争时期的青少年无关,可以排除。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,找出文中相关语句,紧密联系主题即可推断出。
20.Why does the author say that string and tinfoil are treasures?
 A.The war has made them scarce.
 B. They are useful to sixteen-year-olds.
 C. He liked them when he was sixteen.
 D.People are very wasteful.
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。文章第二段倒数第五行说“在美国任何浪费都是不道德的”。因为string和tinfoil当时非常稀有,所以他们就成了财宝。【误区警示】这与十六、七岁无关,只是因为战争年代的物资匮乏,所以B、C不对；D项意义相反。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。阅读相关段落,从中找出所需语句。
 
Passage E
The nobler and more perfect a thing is, the later and slower it is in becoming mature. A man reaches the mature stage of his reasoning powers and mental faculties hardly before the age of twenty-eight；a woman at eighteen. And then, too, in the case of woman, it is only reason of a sort—very mean in its dimensions. ①[That is why women remain children their whole life long；never seeing anything but what is quite close to them, sticking fast to the present moment, taking appearance for reality, and preferring trifles(琐事) to matters of the first importance.]For it is by virtue of his reasoning faculty that man does not live in the present only, like the brute, but looks about him and considers the past and the future；and this is the origin of prudence，as well as of that care and anxiety which so many people exhibit. ②[Both the advantages and the disadvantages which this involves, are shared in by the woman to a smaller extent because of her weaker power of reasoning.]She may, in fact, be described as intellectually shortsighted, because, while she has an immediate understanding of what lies quite close to her, her field of vision is narrow and does not reach to what is remote；so that things which are absent, or past, or to come, have much less effect upon women than upon men. This is the reason why women are more inclined to be extravagant and sometimes carry their desire to a length that borders upon madness. In their hearts, women think it is men's business to earn money and theirs to spend it—if possible during their husband's life, but, at any rate, after his death. The very fact that their husband hands them over his earnings for purposes of housekeeping, strengthens them is this belief.
    However many disadvantages all this may involve, there is at least this to be said in its favor；that the woman lives more in the present than the man, and that, if the present is at all tolerable, she enjoys it more eagerly. ③[This is the source of that cheerfulness which is peculiar to women, fitting her to amuse man in his hours of recreation, and, in case of need, to comfort him when he is borne down by the weight of his cares.]
1.be inclined to sth 倾向于做……
2.bear down 击败
3.border upon sth 近似，几乎是
4.by virtue of 由于
5.mature 成熟
6.mental faculties 脑力
7.prudence 审慎
8.stick to 粘住；坚持  
21.According to the passage，the major difference between a man's and a woman's intellect is that______.
 A. men mature much later than women
 B.men have a broader view of things
 C.women are more cheerful than men
 D. man's intellect is nobler than that of woman
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。见第一段第一、二句(事物成熟得越晚越慢就越好,而男人的成熟期比女人晚)以及第七句(she may be described as intellectually shortsighted),可知B是正确答案。【误区警示】选项A和C都是原文中的细节,故可以排除。选项D误解了第一句话,没有指出男性和女性智力上的主要区别,也可以排除。【应试技巧】这是一道判断推理题,可通过原文信息加上正确的逻辑推理得出答案
22.The cause for women's cheerfulness is that ______.
 A.men do not challenge their intellect
 B.they are not responsible by their very nature
 C.they live more in the present
 D. they reach mature stage too fast
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。见本文最后一段前两句“the woman lives more in the present than the man...”和“This is the source...”指出女人更注重当前的情况,如果当前的情况是可以忍受的,那么她们就会很乐观,相反男性视野比较广,可能会考虑到将要遇到的情况,反而不会很乐观,因此C是直接原因,可选。【误区警示】选项A毫无根据,可直接排除。选项B文中没有提到,也可以排除。选项D对原文进行了扩展(too fast)，可以排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,读懂原文相关信息,即可得出正确答案。
23. According to the passage, what is the origin of man's prudence?
 A.They live more in the past.
 B.They live more in the present.
 C.They live more in the future.
 D.They live at all times.
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。见第一段第五句 man does not live in the present only,...considers the past and the future；...this is the origin for his prudence。【误区警示】选项A和C是属于原文正确内容的一部分,不够完整,故可以排除。选项B与原文第一段第五句内容相反,故也可排除。【应试技巧】这是一道判断推理题,可通过原文信息加上正确的逻辑推理得出答案。
24.According to the passage,“this belief”in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to ______.
 A. man's intellect is nobler than that of a woman
 B.men earn money and women spend it
 C. women's duty is to comfort their husbands
 D. women are inclined to be extravagant
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。见文章中第一段倒数第一、二句“women think it is men's business to earn money and theirs to spend it”。【误区警示】选项A与“this belief”没有联系,可以直接排除。选项C是文章第二段的内容,也与“this belief”没有联系,也可以排除。选项D本身是正确的,它是“this belief”之前所述的内容,与“this belief”没有直接关系,故此选项也可排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节推断题,要理解其含义,需仔细研究前后相关内容,不要离句太远。
25.The author's attitude toward women can best be described as that of ______.
 A.contempt
 B.sympathy
 C.mercy
 D.worry
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】 A。由文章最后一段的最后一句“fitting her to amuse man in his hours of recreation”的用词和语气可知作者对妇女的轻蔑。【误区警示】作者在全文中经常流露出一种观点,女人的见识不如男性,女人视野狭窄,只顾眼前；从这些词可以推出作者对女人的态度是否定的。因此选项B sympathy同情,C mercy可怜,D worry担心,都可以排除。【应试技巧】这是一道态度题,只能根据文章中含有典型褒贬含义的词汇或句子来判断,经过比较选出正确答案。
 
Passage F
Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic. ①[And that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms, for many years.]In the 1960's a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.
    The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world, for a very large number of different complaints. The word laser means: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Light. As we all know, light is hot；any source of light—from the sun itself down to a humble match burning will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. ②[This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.]
    ③[Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells.]It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human eye without harming the front of the eye, simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball. No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage—a true surgical wonder.
    Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. So much more difficult operations can now be tried.
    The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but more effective. Altogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically.
1.amplification放大
2.come to light 揭露，明白
3.pinpoint-sized beam 针尖大小的光束
4.surgical operation 外科手术
5.stitch 缝针  
26.Up to the 1960's the instruments used to perform surgical operations were ______.
 A.fashionable
 B.extraordinary
 C.special
 D.fundamental
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。这道题应定位于本文第一段“Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations”,“In the 1960's a new tool was developed，one which was,...to revolutionize the art and science of surgery”,这两处联系起来可以看出,二十世纪六十年代手术工具出现了一个巨大的进步,所以,推断原来的工具应该是fundamental的。【误区警示】选项A、B、C所指的特性,在出题的段落之中都没有被用来强调旧工具的特征,因此被排除。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,但是答案并不直接存在于文中,而是需要进步推断。
27. After the development of the laser in the 1960's, we find that ______.
 A.medical help became available for industrial workers
 B. the study of art went through a complete revolution
 C. more and more surgeons began using surgical instruments
 D.man's whole approach to surgery was changed completely
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。这道题是定位于本文第一段的,“In the 1960's a new tool was developed，over which was，first of all，to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.”句子中的“to revolutionize the art and science of surgery”被变形成了选项D中的“was changed completely”。【误区警示】选项A曲解了be of great practical use to...industry的意思,该句本意是激光在工业和军事上有巨大的实际用途；选项B对art理解有误,原文the art of surgery指的是外科手术的技术；选项C之所以错是因为早在1960年之前人类就已经应用医疗手术工具了,laser的使用仅仅是这个领域的一大进步,而不是一大开端。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。要充分理解原文含义,以此类推,按照其特点寻找答案。
28. The laser beam is so strong because ______.
 A. it is composed of a concentrated beam of light
 B.its heat is increased by the heat of the sun
 C.it can be plugged into an ordinary light fitting
 D. it sends out heat in many different directions
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。这道题应定位于本文第二段“The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.”,选项A正好是文章原文的变形。【误区警示】选项B、C与文章的内容毫无关系,可以轻易被淘汰；而选项D则恰好表达了与文章内容相反的意思,故排除。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。要注意细节题的答案往往不是原文,而是换了一种说法。
29.Surgeons can now carry out operations which ______.
 A.can be performed successfully only on the human eye
 B. result in long periods of recovery time for patients
 C.are made much more complicated by using the laser beam
 D. result in very little damage to the patients themselves
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。这道题应定位于本文第三段的最后一句话,“No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage—a true surgical wonder.”句子中的no unwanted damage是选择正确答案的关键所在,意思是“不想要的伤害”,与D中little damage对应。【误区警示】选项A缩小了laser所能够治疗的疾病的范围,只抓住了原文的一个细节,应该被排除掉；从文中第四段看出,过去的手术使病人exhausted and in need of long period of recovery,现在则是relaxed and comfortable, B与之相反；选项C也很明显与文章不符,激光使手术更简单了。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,要注意变化,答案往往不与原文字面相同。
30.The rapid development of laser techniques has meant that ______.
 A.in another ten years we shall be able to cure cancer
 B. surgery is likely to improve considerably
 C.we shall be able to treat all the diseases we suffer from
 D.we are now able to treat most forms of cancer
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。这道题是定位于本文最后一段的,“the rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting”.“Altogether，tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically.”由这两句话之中,我们可以看出作者对laser的未来持有正面的评价(exciting)。【误区警示】解答这道题的关键在于对最后一段的语气及所指范围的准确理解。选项A出现了“in another ten years”,这很明显与作者的评价不符,作者所做的只是预测,没有明确说明时间范围；选项C所说的能够治愈“所有”(all)的疾病,很明显是过分夸张了。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。要充分理解原文含义,以此类推,按照其特点寻找答案。
 
Passage G
①[Art is considered by many people to be little more than a decorative means of giving pleasure.]This is not always the case, however；at times, art may be seen to have a purely functional side as well. Such could be said of the sandpaintings of the Navaho Indians of the American Southwest；these have a medicinal as well as an artistic purpose.
    According to Navaho traditions, one who suffers from either a mental or a physical illness has in some way disturbed or come in contact with the supernatural—perhaps a certain animal, a ghost, or the dead. To counteract this evil contact, the ill person or one of his relatives will employ a medicine man called a“singer”to perform a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being.
    During the ceremony, which may last from 2 to 9 days, the“singer”will produce a sandpainting on the floor of the Navaho hogan(泥盖木屋). On the last day of the ceremony, the patient will sit on this sandpainting and the“singer”will rub the ailing parts of the patient's body with sand from a specific figure in the sandpainting. In this way the patient absorbs the power of that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it. After the ceremony, the sandpainting is then destroyed and disposed of so its power will not harm anyone.
    The art of sandpainting is handed down from old“singers”to their students. The materials used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit；brown, red, yellow, and white sandstone, ②[which is pulverized(弄碎) by being crushed between 2 stones much as corn is ground into flour.]The“singer”holds a small amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb and fore-finger onto a clean, flat surface on the floor. With a steady hand and great patience, he is thus able to create designs of stylized people, snakes and other creatures that have power in the Navaho belief system. ③[The traditional Navaho does not allow reproduction of sandpaintings, since he believes the supernatural powers that taught him the craft have forbidden this；however, such reproductions can in fact be purchased today in tourist shops in Arizona and New Mexico.]These are done by either Navaho Indians or by other people who wish to preserve this craft.
1.be disposed of 处理掉
2.counteract 反作用，抵消
3.inhabit 居住
4.medicinal 药性的  
31.The purpose of the passage is to ______.
 A. discuss the medical uses of sandpaintings in medieval Europe
 B.study the ways Navaho Indians handed down their painting art
 C. consider how Navaho“singers” treat their ailments with sandpaintings
 D.tell how Navaho Indians apply sandpainting for medical purposes
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据文章首段,these have a medicinal as well as an artistic purpose,正确答案为D。【误区警示】A选项时间状语不对(medieval Europe)；B所描述的内容不对,本文讲述的不是painting art；C主语不对,不是Navaho“singer”,是Navaho Indians。用排除法也可得出正确答案。【应试技巧】这是一道主旨题,根据文章内容找出主题句,即Topic Sentence,可以直接选出答案,或者可以用排除法。
32. The purpose of a healing ceremony lies in ______.
 A. pleasing the ghosts
 B. attracting supernatural powers
 C.attracting the ghosts
 D.creating a sandpainting
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据题干,定位在第二段末句“a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being”,可以找出答案为B。【误区警示】A、C、D都为无关答案。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,遇到此类题型,不要凭空乱猜,可迅速浏览全文找到相应句子,找出答案。
33. The“singer”rubs saud on the patient because ______.
 A.the patient receives strength from the sand
 B. it has pharmaceutical value
 C.it decorates the patient
 D. None of the above.
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据题干,在原文中定位,迅速找到文章第三段第三句,In this way the patient absorbs the power of that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it，故正确答案为A。【误区警示】B,文中未曾提到此点；C,很容易判断此项不正确；D,由上文可知,此项不正确。【应试技巧】这又是一道细节定位推理题,根据题干找到文中对应处,找出正确答案。
34. What is used to produce a sandpainiing?
 A.Paint.
 B.Beach sand.
 C. Crushed sandstone.
 D.Flour.
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。根据题干,找到文章末段第二句The materials used are easily found...sandstone,...可得出正确答案为C。【误区警示】A项原文中未曾提到过；B虽同是sand,但与原文不同；选项D是被比喻事物,为错误选项。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,通读文章时应注意那些带有比喻、比较效果的句子,往往这些带有强对比性质的句子正是文章的考点所在。
35.Which of the following titles will best suit the passage?
 A. A New Direction for Medical Research
 B.The Navaho Indians' Sandpaintings
 C.The Process of Sandpainting Creation
 D. The Navaho Indians' Medical History
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。文章首段是主题段,概括了全文的中心思想,主要强调了美国西南地区的Navaho印第安人的sandpainting,所以选B。【误区警示】A是错误选项,本文不是讲药物研究方向的；C文章是介绍了sandpainting的制作过程,但这不是重点之所在；D本文不是讲Indians医学发展史的。【应试技巧】这是一道主旨题,在通读全文时应找出全文主旨句,本文第一段为中心段。
 
Passage H
Federal Reserve System, central banking system of the United States, popularly called the Fed. ①[A central bank serves as the banker to both the banking community and the government；it also issues the national currency, conducts monetary policy, and plays a major role in the supervision and regulation of banks and bank holding companies.]In the U.S. these functions are the responsibilities of key officials of the Federal Reserve System: the Board of Governors, located in Washington, D.C. , and the top officers of the 12 district Federal Reserve banks, located throughout the nation. The Fed's actions, described below, generally have a significant effect on U.S. interest rates and, subsequently, on stock, bond, and other financial markets.
    The Federal Reserve's basic powers are concentrated in the Board of Governors, which is paramount(最重要的,至高无上的) in all policy issues concerning bank regulation and supervision and in most aspects of monetary control. The board enunciates(宣布,发言) the Fed's policies on both monetary and banking matter. ②[Because the board is not an operating agency, most of the day-to-day implementation of policy decisions is left to the district Federal Reserve banks, stock in which is owned by the commercial banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System.]Ownership in this instance, however, does not imply control；the Board of Governors and the heads of the Reserve banks orient(适应,合适) their policies to the public interest rather than to the benefit of the private banking system.
    ③[The U.S. banking system's regulatory apparatus is complex, the authority of the Federal Reserve is shared in some instances, for example, in mergers or the examination of banks with other Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).]In the critical area of regulating the nation's money supply in accordance with national economic goals, however, the Federal Reserve is independent within the government. Income and expenditures of the Federal Reserve banks and of the board of governors are not subject to the congressional appropriation process；the Federal Reserve is self-financing. Its income ($ 20.2 billion in 1992) comes mainly from Reserve bank holdings of income—earning securities(证券), primarily those of the U.S. government. Outlays ($1.5 billion in 1992) are mostly for operational expenses in providing services to the government and for expenditures connected with regulation and monetary policy. In 1992 the Federal Reserve returned 416.8 billion in earnings to the U.S. treasury.
1.appropriation 拨款
2.expenditure 开支
3.in accordance with 根据
4.monetary 货币的
5.operational expenses 运行费用
6.outlay 开支，花费
7.self-financing 自筹资金
8.supervision and regulation 监督和管理
9.treasury 财政部  
36.The Fed of the United States _______.
 A.function as Bank of China
 B.is the counterpart of People's Bank of China
 C.is subjected to the banking community and government
 D.has 13 top officers who can influence the American financial market
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。在文章首句中提到美国联邦储备银行,即美国的中央银行；在我国中央银行是中国人民银行,所以美联储和中国人民银行是对等的。中国银行是商业银行,没有中央银行的职能,所以可排除A,选B。【误区警示】根据文章首段第二句,可排除C。原文中serve as意为“服务,为……服务”,但is subjected to意为“从属的,受支配的”。根据第三句“the top offices of the 12 district...”可排除D。【应试技巧】此题是比较难的细节题,要根据选项理解、分析、排除。
37. The fact that stock in the Fed belongs to commercial banks ______.
 A. doesn't mean the latter is in control
 B.means the latter is in control
 C. means the latter is subjected to the Reserve banks
 D.means the Reserve banks orient the latter's policies
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。见文章第二段第三句后半部分与第四句。【误区苦示】B、C同义,与原文相反；D对原文Reserve banks orient their policies中的their指代理解有误,their不是指commercial banks,而是指Reserve banks,可以排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节推理题,回到原文第二段第四句中找到相应句子。
38. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
 A. The Fed is a very big, complex and significant system which comprises many local banks.
 B.All the commercial banks are the components of Federal Reserve System.
 C. Board of Governors is the supreme policy-makers of America.
 D. District Reserve banks rather than Board of governors perform the day-to-day policies.
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。文中提到美联储在美国货币政策制定方面有最高权力,但不能说它是美国最高权力的政策制定者。【误区警示】根据第一段,可以排除A。 B、D两项可在原文第二段三、四句中找到出处。【应试技巧】这是一道比较繁琐的细节题,而且要找出哪个是错误的选项,选择时要特别注意。
39.The authority of the Federal Reserve ______.
 A. has to be shared with other establishments
 B. is exclusive at other times
 C.isn't limited by comptroller of the Currency and FDIC
 D.is limited by Board of governors
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据末段首句,the authority of the Federal Reserve is shared in some instances，for example，in mergers or the examination of banks with other Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation可推知除了这些情况外,美联储的权威是独一无二的,正确答案为B。【误区警示】分享权力只是偶尔情况,不是常规,故A不对。C、D未提及,可排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,通过定位,找出正确选项,此外,还要注意,凡是举例的地方都有可能成为考点,要引起高度注意。
40.Income of the Board of governors ______.
 A.is borrowed from the U.S. Treasury
 B.is used by the government to make various policies
 C. comes from the U.S. Treasury
 D.is not granted by the government
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据题干,找到文章最后一段第二、三句,the Federal Reserve is independent within the government...。【误区警示】A、B、C文中从未提到过。【应试技巧】这也是一道细节题,从前面的许多题目可以看出,文章首末段及各段的首句都有可能成为考点,需引起高度重视。
 
Passage I
Native Americans from the southeastern part of what is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three separate, but related, worlds: the Upper World， the Lower World, and This World. In the last there lived humans, most animals, and all plants.
    ①[This World, a round island resting on the surface of waters, was suspended from the sky by four cords attached to the island at the four cardinal points of the compass.] ②[Lines drawn to connect the opposite points of the compass, from north to south and from east to west, intersected This World to divide it into four wedge-shaped segments.] Thus a symbolic representation of the human world was a cross within a circle, the cross representing the intersecting lines and the circle the shape of This World.
    Each segment of This World was identified by its own color. According to Cherokee doctrine, east was associated with the color red because it was the direction of the Sun, the greatest deity of all. Red was also the color of fire, believed to be directly connected with the Sun, with blood, and therefore with life. Finally, red was the color of success. The west was the Moon segment；it provided no warmth and was not life-giving as the Sun was. So its color was black. North was the direction of cold, and so its color was blue (sometimes purple), and it represented trouble and defeat. South was the direction of warmth；its color, white, was associated with peace and happiness.
    The southeastern native Americans' universe was one in which opposites were constantly at war with each other, red against black, blue against white. ③[This World hovered somewhere between the perfect order and predictability of the Upper and the total disorder and instability of the Lower World.]The goal was to find some kind of halfway path, or balance, between those other worlds.
1.be attached to sth. 附着于……上    
2.cardinal points of the compass 指南针上的基本方位（东、南、西北）
3.halfway path中间道路
4.suspend 悬挂
5.symbolic 象征性的
6.wedge-shaped segments 楔型部分  
41.The best title for the passage is ______.
 A.One Civilization's View of the Universe
 B.The Changing of the Seasons in the Southeast
 C.The Painting of Territorial Maps by Southeastern Native Americans
 D.The War Between Two Native American Civilization
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。首段首句是全文的中心句,表明北美印第安人的宇宙观,其后全文加以具体阐述。【误区警示】B、C在文中未提及,D只是文中的一个细节。【应试技巧】通读全文,概括主题并注意找好中心句。
42.“The last”in the last sentence of first paragraph refers to ______.
 A.all plants
 B.This World
 C. the universe
 D.the Upper World
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。本题考的是对the last的理解。在首句的3个列举中,This World列在最后。【误区警示】其他三项的指代都不正确。【应试技巧】细节题,也可作词汇题。
43.The author implies that This World was located ______.
 A.inside the Upper World
 B.inside the Lower World
 C.above the Upper World
 D.between the Upper World and Lower World
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。末段“This world hovered somewhere between...the upper world and...the Lower World。”说明今世界悬浮于上世界与下世界之间。【误区警示】其余三项对今世界位置的描述都与原文不符。【应试技巧】细节题。在原文中抓定位句。
44. According to the passage, southeastern native Americans compared This World to ______.
 A.waters
 B.the sky
 C.an animal
 D.an island
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。第2段首句表述今世界构成时就说它是一个浮在水面上的岛,故选D。【误区警示】其它比喻在文中都未提及。【应试技巧】细节题,与原文相对照。
45. According to the passage, the colors that represented the west for southeast native Americans is ______.
 A. blue
 B.white
 C.black
 D.purple
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。第3段东南西北四方的代表色分别为红、白、黑、蓝(或紫),故选C。【应试技巧】细节题,通读原文,一一对应。
 
Passage J
The government-run command post in Tunis is staffed around the clock by military personnel, meteorologists and civilians. On the wall are maps, crisscrossed with brightly coloured arrows that painstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy.
    What kind of invader gives rise to such high-level monitoring? Not man, not beast, but the lowly desert locust(蝗虫).In recent months, billions of the 3-inch-long winged warriors have descended on Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, blackening the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion, the worst in 30 years, is already creating great destruction in the Middle East and is now treating southern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. ①[Unusually rainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan, making them ideal breeding grounds for the locust, which lays its eggs in the earth.]The insect onslaught (冲击) threatens to create yet another African famine. Each locust can eat its weight (not quite a tenth of an ounce) in vegetation every 24 hours. A good-size swarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a single night.
    All $ 150 million may be needed this year. The U.S. has provided two spraying planes and about 50,000 gal. of pesticide. The European Community has donated $3.8 million in aid and the Soviet Union, Canada, Japan and China have provided chemical-spraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. ②[But relief efforts are hampered by the relative mildness of approved pesticides, which quickly lose their deadly punch and require frequent replications.]The most effective locust killer dieldrin(狄氏剂), has been liked to cancer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More than 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-killing chemicals；another 5 million will be treated by the end of June.
    On May 30, representatives of Tunisia，Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania will meet in Algeria to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous(贪婪的) swarms. ③[The move is an important step, but whatever plan is devised, the locust plague promised to get worse before the insects can be brought under control.]
1.bring sth. under control 控制住……
2.fearsome 可怕的
3.good-size 大规模的
4.hamper 妨碍；打击
5.monitor 监控
6.painstakingly 辛苦地
7.relief efforts 救援努力
8.replication 复制
9.wipe out 根除  
46.The meaning of the first sentence in the passage is that ______.
 A.the command post is stationed with people all the time
 B. the command post is crowded with people all the time
 C. there are clocks around the command post
 D.the clock in the command post is taken care of by the staff
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。staff 原指职员,全体人员,这里作动词,应与 crowd 同义,而 around the clock=all the time。【误区警示】C、D中对 around the clock 的理解有误,所以不选。而A中对staff 的理解有偏差。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,要求推断一句话的含义,注意不同的表达方式。
47. The favourable breeding grounds for the locust is ______.
 A. rich soil
 B. wet land
 C.places covered with crops and vegetation
 D.the Red Sea
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。文章第二段倒数第三句说rainy weather moistened the sands最适合蝗虫产卵。【误区警示】A项未提及；C项是蝗虫主要袭击的地方,而不是最适宜繁殖的地方；文中说The current crisis... near the Red Sea,而不是the breeding grounds...near the Red Sea,D项范围有偏差。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。阅读相关段落,从中找出所需语句。
48.People are alert at the threat of the locust because the______.
 A.insects are likely to create another African famine
 B. insects may blacken the sky
 C.number of the insects increases drastically
 D. insects are gathering and moving in great speed
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】 选A。见文章第二段倒数第三句“The insect onslaught threatens to create yet another African famine.”。【误区警示】本题问的是人们警惕蝗虫的原因,而其余几项都是现象,所以不合适。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。要注意细节题的答案往往不是原文,而是换了一种说法。
49. Which of the following is true?
 A. Once the pesticides are used, locust will die immediately.
 B. Relief efforts are proved most fruitful due to the effectiveness of certain pesticides.
 C.Dieldrin, the most effective locust killer, has been widely accepted in many countries.
 D.Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-killing chemicals by the end of June.
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。文章第三段最后一句说有5百万亩田地喷洒了杀蝗虫的化学药剂,在6月底另外5百万亩田也将用药。【误区警示】第三段后半部分说大多数批准使用的杀虫剂效果都不明显,药效不强的杀虫剂使救援行动受到限制,而最有效的杀虫剂Dieldrin对人体有害而被禁用,所以其余几项不对。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,但是答案并不直接存在于文中,而是需要进一步推断。
50.The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algeria on May 30 is to ______.
 A. devise anti-locust plans
 B. wipe out the swarms in two years
 C.call out for additional financial aid from other nations
 D. bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。见文章第四段“...to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms.”，即讨论消除这群贪婪的蝗虫的策略。【误区警示】文中未提及两年内消灭蝗虫,所以B不对；C项未提及；而文中最后一句说这场蝗灾肯定会在被控制以前进一步恶化,所以D项与之相反。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,要注意变化,答案往往不与原文字面相同。
 
Passage K
In the last 12 years total employment in the United States grew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any country—from 82 to 110 million between 1973 and 1985—that is, by a full one third. The entire growth, however, was in manufacturing, and especially in non-blue-collar jobs...
    This trend is the same in all developed countries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced(明显的,显著的)in Japan. ①[It is therefore highly probable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States and Japan will employ no larger a proportion of the labor force in manufacturing than developed countries now employ in farming—at most,10 percent.]Today the United States employs around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturing industries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. In some major industries the drop will be even sharper. It is quite unrealistic, for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ more than one-third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even though production might be 50 percent higher.
    If a company, an industry or a country does not in the next quarter century sharply increase manufacturing production and at the same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope to remain competitive—or even to remain“developed”. The attempt to preserve such blue-collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment...
    This is not a conclusion that American politicians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understand or accept. What confuses the issue even more is that the United States is experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturing economy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capital for manual labor. Where we spoke of mechanization a few decades ago, we now speak of“robotization”or“automation”. ②[This is actually more a change in terminology(术语) than a change in reality.] ③[When Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in 1909, he cut the number of man-hours required to produce a motor-car by some 80 percent in two or three years—far more than anyone expects to result from even the most complete robotization.]But there is no doubt that we are facing a new, sharp acceleration in the replacement of manual workers by machines—that is, by the products of knowledge.
1.assembly line 生产（装配）线
2.manual labor 体力劳动
3.manufacturing industry 制造业
4.prescription 药方；指示
5.substitution 替代品  
51.According to the author, the shrinkage in the manufacturing labor force demonstrates ______.
 A. the degree to which a country's production is robotized
 B.a reduction in a country's manufacturing industries
 C.a worsening relationship between labor and management
 D.the difference between a developed country and a developing country
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据文章第4段第3、4句：One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capital for manual labor意思就是the shrinkage in the manufacturing labor force, substitution与shrinkage对应,manual labor与manufacturing labor force对应,紧接着下一句：where we spoke of mechanization a few decades ago, we now speak of robotization or automation,由此可见：mechanization与robotization和automation指的是同一类事物,所以体力劳动人员的减少与自动化程度是相对应的。【误区警示】制造业劳动人数的减少并不等于制造业本身的降低,故B不对；作者在文中没提到劳动力和管理的关系问题,C也不对；经济的发展水平要从劳动力数量和生产水平两方面衡量,故D也不对。【应试技巧】这是一道推断题,可以通过定位法,直接去原文中找对应选项。
52.According to the author, in the coming 25 years, a developed country or industry, in order to remain competitive, ought to ______.
 A. reduce the percentage of the blue-collar work force
 B.preserve blue-collar jobs for international competition
 C.accelerate motor-car manufacturing in Henry Ford's style
 D.solve the problem of unemployment
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据文章第3段首句,...at the same time sharply reduce the blue-collar work force，it can not hope to remain competitive。【误区警示】选项B正好与原文相反；作者举Henry Ford的例子,说明自动化带来的效率,并不是说这是榜样,让人们效仿,所以C不对；从第二段最后一句话看,保持蓝领工人的数量是为了解决失业问题,但这并不利于取得竞争优势。与题干不符,所以D项不对。【应试技巧】这是一道定位题,直接去原文中找到意思一致的句子。
53. American politicians and labor leaders tend to dislike ______.
 A.confusion in manufacturing economy
 B.an increase in blue-collar work force
 C.internal competition in manufacturing production
 D. a drop in the blue-collar job opportunities
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据文章第4段第1句“This is not a conclusion that American politicians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understand or accept.”,也就是说,American politicians and labor leader tend to dislike...,而conclusion由上文找到：The attempt to preserve such blue-collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment。【误区警示】B为相反的选项,故很容易排除,A与C为无关选项。【应试技巧】解本题时,也可直接运用定位原则去原文中寻找对应选项,若从一个句子中不能看出答案,可联系此句的上下文,找出正确答案。
54.The word “prescription” in “a prescription for unemployment (Line 4, Para. 3)” may be the equivalent to ______.
 A.something recommended as medical treatment
 B.a way suggested to overcome some difficulty
 C.some measures taken in advance
 D. a device to direct
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。prescription的本义是：药方,训令,在本文中是“指示,规定”的意思,由此可选C,“take measures”的意思是“采取措施,处置”。【误区警示】选项A的意思是推荐的治疗药,这是这个词的本义,不对。选项B的意思是：克服困难所采用的方法,也不恰当。选项D的意思更为荒谬。【应试技巧】本题应根据上下文的意思去选择答案,而不应根据词的本义去选择,若碰到意思相近的选项可带回原文中进行验证,意思最为接近或恰当的便是答案。
55.This passage may have been excerpted from ______.
 A.a magazine about capital investment
 B. an article on automation
 C. a motor-car magazine
 D.an article on global economy
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。本文主要谈论的是经济问题,选项A是指关于投资的杂志,不太贴切；选项B是关于自动化(技术)的文章,不正确；选项C是一本汽车杂志,同上；只有选项D指的是一篇关于全球经济的文章。【应试技巧】本题应站在全文的高度去考虑,根据文章的大意去选择答案,不要选择那些关于细节描述的题目。捷径就是找到文中关键词,根据关键词选择答案。
 
Passage L
Comparatively few fresh-water species of fishes are limited in their distribution to a single river system, yet not many are found on both sides of a high mountain ridge, such as the Rocky Mountains in North America. That is to say, the fish of the Mississippi Valley are generally different and distinct from those of the Pacific slope.
    ①[While it is a well-known fact that the fish life in no two river systems, even though they empty into the sea on the same side of a divide, such streams do have many species in common.]The principal rivers of the Atlantic slope of the United States, for example, contain several species common to all of them, including the bullhead catfish(鲶鱼), the bluegill sunfish and the largemouth bass(鲈鱼). None of these species can endure salt water, so that they cannot now migrate from one river system to another. On the other hand, the more northern streams contain species not found in the southern ones, and vice versa. The common lake, for example, is found in the Atlantic streams from Maryland northward, and the brook trout(蹲鱼)and yellow perch(鲈) emerge only in the streams from North Carolina southward.
    How the present distribution came about must remain a matter of conjecture. It is quite probable that some of the streams, including those on opposite sides of a divide, may have been connected at one time. ②[Again, streams may be entirely separate during normal weather, but an exceptionally heavy rainfall or the sudden melting of snow in the uplands sometimes causes floods which may form a temporary connection between them, providing a passage way for fishes.]It is possible, also that water birds may accidentally carry fish or spawn from one stream to another, or that man may be instrumental in such a transfer.
    Evidently, then, fresh-water fishes may become distributed far beyond the confines of the stream of their origin. The chief factor in limiting the still wider distribution of species is temperature. This forms such an efficient barrier that comparatively few species of fresh-water fishes of the United States extend their range into Mexico. ③[In Panama only one fish common to the fresh waters of the States has been found, and that is the eel(鳗), which is not strictly a fresh-water form, as it enters salt water to spawn and is taken in fairly salty water at other times.]
1.beyond the confines of sth. 超出……的限制
2.conjecture 推理；猜想
3.distinct 不同的
4.identical 相同的
5.migrate from...to... 从……迁移到……
6.temporary connection 暂时的连接
7.vice versa 反之亦然  
56.The principal purpose of the author is to explain ______.
 A. restrictions on the spread of fishes
 B. man's impact on the environment
 C. the evolution of fresh-water fishes
 D. where eels spawn
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。文章首段首句是本文主题句,意为：比较而言,淡水鱼类的分布很少会局限于单个的河系中,也不大会有很多鱼类能同时分布在高大山脊的两侧。A项中的restriction与首句中的limit对应,spread与distribution对应。【误区警示】B除了在第三段最后一句中外,在文中几乎没有提及；C的evolution与文章重点符；D只是文中的一个细节。【应试技巧】此题是主旨题,要注意掌握文章的中心思想,注意文章的首段、尾段,归纳总结中心意思。
57.The major reason why few species of fresh-water fish are found in both the Columbia and Mississippi river is ______.
 A.a drainage divide
 B.a temperature barrier
 C.heavy rainfall or snowfall
 D.unsuitability of environment
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。见文章末段第2、3句“The chief factor in limiting... range into Mexico.”。题中Columbia属美国,而密西西比河也流经墨西哥。【误区警示】其他三个选项与定位句内容不符。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,应仔细阅读原文,并对题中所提点仔细推敲,推出正确答案。
58.Yellow perch are absent from Virginia streams because they cannot survive in ______.
 A.Mexico
 B.salt water
 C. North Carolina
 D. warm weather
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据文章第二段第3句“None of these species can endure salt water.”可推知。因为第二段末句说yellow perch只能生存在North Carolina以南的河流,而Virginia在North Carolina的北面,所以不会在Virginia的河流中出现。此题需要对美国地理有所了解。【误区警示】其他三项与定位句内容无关。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。看到“these species”就应注意上下文,找出列举的鱼类。
59.The common eel has uniquely wide distribution because it ______.
 A. can swim in the ocean
 B.is sensitive to temperature
 C.is prized for food
 D. was planted by Indians
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据文章末段末句“In Panama only one fish common to the fresh...water at other times．”可知鳗鱼在淡水海水中都能生存，故其广泛分布的原因就是选项A。【误区警示】B、C、D三项未提及,故排除。【应试技巧】细节题,找准定位句,并做一定的推理。
60. Efforts to deliberately transplant the bluegill sunfish and the large-mouth bass into Panama would probably fail due to ______.
 A.eels
 B.salinity
 C.rainfall
 D.temperature
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。文章第二段第二句...including the bullhead catfish,...第三句None of these species can endare salt water, so that they cannot now migrate...,说明影响bullhead catfish迁移的因素是salinity。【误区警示】干扰项B“盐度”确实为淡水鱼迁移的障碍,但本题的用意在于“deliberately”，所以除了盐度这一淡水鱼迁移的最大障碍外,地点转移考虑的该是纬度差异带来的温度差。A显然与本题无关,C只是偶然因素。【应试技巧】仔细审题,掌握一定的英语国家常识。看本题的细节在于地点,故应详读原文。
 
Passage M
For me, scientific knowledge is divided into mathematical sciences, natural sciences dealing with the natural world (physical and biological sciences), and sciences dealing with mankind(psychology, sociology, all the sciences of cultural achievements, every kind of historical knowledge). Apart from these sciences is philosophy, about which we will talk later. In the first place, all this is pure or theoretical knowledge, sought only for the purpose of understanding, in order to fulfill the need to understand what is inherent in man. What distinguishes man from animal is that he knows and needs to know. If man did not know that the world was existed, that the world was of a certain kind, that he was in the world and that he himself was of a certain kind, he wouldn't be man. ①[The technical aspects or applications of knowledge are equally necessary for man and are of the greatest importance, because they also contribute to defining him as man and permitting him to pursue a life increasingly more truly human.]
    But even while enjoying the results of technical progress, he must defend the primacy and independence of pure knowledge. ②[Knowledge sought directly for its practical applications will have immediate and foreseeable(可预知的) success, but not the kind of important result whose revolutionary scope is in large part unforeseen, except by the imagination of the Utopians(空想主义者).]Let me recall a well-known example. If the Greek mathematicians had not applied themselves to the investigation of conic (圆锥的) sections keenly, and without the least suspicion that it might someday be useful, it would not have been possible centuries later to sail far from shore. ③[The first men to study the nature of electricity could not imagine that their experiments, carried on because of mere intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we can scarcely conceive of contemporary life.]Pure knowledge is valuable for its own sake, because the human spirit cannot resign itself to ignorance. But, in addition, it is the foundation for practical results that would not have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly.
1.conceive 构想，想象
2.for the sake of 为了
3.inherent 固有的，天生的
4.primacy 首要
5.resign oneself to sth. 听任，忍受  
61.The most important advances made by mankind derive from ______.
 A.technical applications
 B.apparently useless information
 C.the natural sciences
 D.philosophy
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。文章第二段第二句说为实际应用所开发的知识,会有直接的、可见的成功,但不会产生革命性难以预料的重要结果。后面的举例表明,真正有意义的进步是由重要性完全没有被意识到的知识带来的,与B选项“看似没有用的信息”恰好是同一意思的不同表达。【误区警示】强干扰项A看似正确,但仔细阅读第二段的内容,知其恰与所述内容相反,technical applications=practical application,选项C、D都是第一段中的内容,与该题无关,故排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,找到并读懂原文相关信息即可做出正确选择。
62.The author does not include the study of ______ among the sciences.
 A.chemistry
 B.astronomy
 C.economics
 D.literature
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据文章首段句“...is divided into mathematical science, natural sciences...”,只有D项内容未提到。【误区警示】选项A chemistry包含在mathematical sciences中；选项B astronomy包含在natural sciences中；选项C economics包含science dealing with mankind中。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,仔细阅读原文相关信息,并注意变化,即可得出正确答案。
63.The author points out that the Greeks who studied conic sections ______.
 A. were mathematicians
 B.were interested in navigation
 C.were unaware of the value of their studies
 D.worked with electricity
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。参见文章第二段第7至1l行,希腊人在做实验之时,并没有想到实验的成功给几个世纪之后的航海业所带来的好处,without the least suspicion与unaware对应，be useful与value对应，故选C。【误区警示】选项A的内容是正确的,但这并不是作者的意图所在,与C相比,C更确切一些；选项B希腊人感兴趣的是数学,不是航海业,故排除；选项D的内容与该题无关,也排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,要看清楚原文相关信息。
64.The title below that best delivers the ideas of this passage is ______
 A.Technica
 B.Man's Distinguishing Characteristics
 C. Learning for Its Own Sake
 D.The Differences between Science and Philosophy
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。文章末段倒数第二句对整篇文章进行概括和总结,故选C。【误区警示】选项A是文章中提到的一个方面,但不是文章叙述的重点；选项B原文中并未提及,通篇文章都没有提到人的性格问题；选项D是原文第一段的一个细节,因此不能作为文章的题目。【应试技巧】这是一道主旨题,做题时应首先排除是细节的选项,这类题的答案大部分应出现在文章的首句和末句。
65.The practical scientist ______.
 A.knows the value of what he will discover
 B.is interested in the world exists
 C. knows that the world exists
 D.conceives of contemporary life
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据文章末句“But，in addition,...for practical results that would not have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly”,本句中的it代表上句提到的pure knowledge。作者说纯粹的知识是实用结果的基础,而如果不是科学家们不带任何私利的寻求,也无法产生这些实用结果。意即实用科学家正好与纯粹科学家相反,他们的研究???
 
Passage N
In the past oysters were raised in much the same way as dirt farmers raised tomatoes—by transplanting them. First, farmers selected the oyster bed, cleared the bottom of old shells and other debris, then scattered clean shells about. Next, they“planted”fertilized oyster eggs, which within two or three weeks hatched into larvae. The larvae drifted until they attached themselves to the clean shells on the bottom. There they remained and in time grew into baby oysters called seed or spat. ①[The spat grew larger by drawing in seawater from which they derived microscopic particles of food.]Before long, farmers gathered the baby oysters, transplanted them in other waters to speed up their growth, then transplanted them once more into another body of water to fatten them up.
    ②[Until recently the supply of wild oysters and those crudely farmed were more than enough to satisfy people's needs.]But today the delectable seafood is no longer available in abundance. The problem has become so serious that some oyster beds have vanished entirely.
    Fortunately, as far back the early 1900's marine biologists realized that if new measures were not taken, oysters would become extinct or at least a luxury food. So they set up well-equipped hatcheries(养殖场) and went to work. But they did not have the proper equipment or the skill to handle the eggs. They did not know when, what, and how to feed the larvae. And they knew little about the predators(掠夺者) that attack and eat baby oysters by the millions. They failed, but they doggedly kept at it. Finally, in the 1940's a significant breakthrough was made.
    The marine biologists discovered that by raising the temperature of the water，they could induce oysters to spawn not only in the summer but also in the fall, winter, and spring. ③[Later they succeeded in breeding new strains that were resistant to diseases, grew faster and larger, and flourished in water of different salinities(盐度) and temperatures.]In addition, the cultivated oysters tasted better.
1.be in abundance 富裕，充足
2.breakthrough 突破
3.extinct 灭绝的
4.fertilized eggs 受精卵
5.induce 诱导
6.transplant 移植  
66.The best title for the passage would be ______.
 A. The Threatened Extinction of Marine Life
 B. The Cultivation of Oysters
 C. The Discoveries Made by Marine Biologists
 D.The Varieties of Wild Oysters
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。通过对原文信息的了解,得知文章在讲述牡蛎的养殖过程。全文的中心词是oyster raising,B项正是其同义变形。【误区警示】选项A和C缺少中心词Oyster,不是文章主要内容,且太泛。文章重点是牡蛎的人工养殖,不是野生牡蛎,D也不对。选项D与原文内容不符,均可排除。【应试技巧】这是一道主题型问题,解答时应先排除细节选项,在剩下的选项中根据原文大意得出正确答案。
67. Scientists discover that oysters were in danger ______.
 A.in the early part of the nineteenth century
 B.at the beginning of last century
 C.in the 1940's
 D.just recently
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。本题检验寻找特定信息的准确度。答案在第三段“as far back as the early 1900's marine biologists realized...oysters would become extinct or at best a luxury food.”。得出的结论应是二十世纪初期。【误区警示】选项A、C、D与由原文的信息得出的时间不相符,因此可直接排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,找到并读懂文章原句,即可做出正确选择。
68. According to the passage, the efforts of the marine biologists working with oysters can best be described as ______.
 A.persistent
 B.intermittent
 C.traditional
 D.fruitless
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。本题考查对文章的归纳总结能力,找到文章中第二段第6句话...they doggedly kept at it.,得出题答案,dogged与persistent对应。【误区警示】选项B intermittent间歇的；C traditional传统的；D fruitless徒劳的。【应试技巧】这是一道判断推理题,通过原文信息加上正确的逻辑推理得出答案。
69.In the passage, the author mentions that the new strains of oysters are ______.
 A. cheaper
 B.shaped differently
 C. better textured
 D.healthier
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。本题检验对倒数第二句中“new strains that were resistant to disease.”的理解,可得出新品种是具有抵抗力的。【误区警示】选项A、B、C在原文中没有提到,故可以排除。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,找到并读懂文章原句,即可做出正确选择,此外还要注意变化,答案往往是原文的另种说法。
70.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
 A.Step by step description of the evolution of marine biology.
 B.Discussion of chronological events concerning oyster production.
 C.Random presentation of facts about oysters.
 D.Description of oyster production at different geographic locations.
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。本题考查对全文结构的把握,全文以时间为线索(chronological,按年代顺序的),以倒叙的方法描述了牡蛎移植方法的取得。【误区警示】选项A讲述的是海洋生物学的发展,与原文内容不符,可排除。选项C完全没有看出本文的时间线索,也可排除。选项D指对在不同地理位置养殖牡蛎进行描述,本章中没有提到这项内容。
 
Passage O
Until recently, women in advertisements were one of three things—an apron, a glamorous dress or a frown. Although that is now changing, many women still feel angry enough to deface offending advertisements with stickers protesting,“This ad degrades women.”Why does this sort of advertising exist? How can advertisers and ad agencies produce, sometimes, after months of research, advertising that offends the consumer?
    The Advertising Standards Authority (the body which deals with complaints about print media) is carrying out research into how women feel about the way they are portrayed in advertisements. ①[Its conclusions are likely to be what the advertising industry already knows: although women are often irritated by the way they are seen in ads, few feel strongly enough to complain.]
    Women are not the only victims of poor and boring stereotypes—in many TV commercials men are seen either as useless, childish oafs(笨蛋,低能儿) who are unable to perform the simplest household tasks, or as in considerate boors, permanently on the lookout for an escape to the pub. ②[But it is women who seem to bear the brunt(冲击力)of the industry's apparent inability to put people into an authentic present-day context.]
    Yet according to Emma Bennett, executive creative director of a London advertising agency, women are not infuriated by stereotypes and sexist advertising. It tends to wash over them, they are not militant or angry—they just find it annoying or tiresome. They reluctantly accept outdated stereotypes, but heave a sigh of relief when an advertisement really gets it right.
    She says that it is not advertising's use of the housewife role that bothers women, but the way in which it is handled.“Researchers have often asked the wrong questions. The most important thing is the advertisement's tone of voice. Women hate being patronized, flattered or given desperately down-to-earth commonsense advice.”
    In the end, the responsibility for good advertising must be shared between the advertiser, the advertising agency and the consumer. Advertising does not set trends but it reflects them.③[It is up to the consumer to tell advertisers where they fail, and until people on the receiving end take the business seriously and make their feelings known, the process of change will remain laboriously slow.]
1.ad agency 广告公司
2.authentic 真实的
3.deface 损坏外表
4.down-to-earth 实际的
5.infuriate 激怒
6.patronize 照顾，施恩
7.print media 印刷煤体
8.stereotype 陈规，传统印象
9.tiresome 讨厌的  
71.Despite recent changes in attitudes, some advertisements still fail to ______.
 A.change women's opinions of themselves
 B. show any understanding of Women's feelings
 C.persuade the public to buy certain products
 D.meet the needs of the advertising industry
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。文章第一段：Although that is now changing, many women still feel angry enough to deface offending advertisements。【误区警示】本文中未曾提过广告对妇女自我认识的影响,A为无关选项。C、D未涉及广告及与妇女的关系。【应试技巧】这是一道理解推断题,根据文章第一段的大意,运用定位法可迅速找到答案。
72. According to the writer, the commonest fault of present-day advertising is to ______.
 A.condemn the role of the housewife
 B. ignore protests against advertisements
 C.present a misleading image of women
 D. misrepresent the activities of men
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。同上,由第一段第二句话：with stickers protesting,“This ad degrades women”可知,C为正确答案degrade与present a misleading image of women可看作为同义。【误区警示】A,文中并未提过谴责家庭主妇的角色；B,广告商并未忽视过观众对广告的反应；D,本文讲的是广告与妇女的关系,与男性无关。【应试技巧】这是一道细节推理题。从文中定位应该不难答对。有一点值得注意的就是“引语”往往是考点,应引起重视。
73.Research suggests that the reaction of women towards misrepresentation by advertisements is ______.
 A.apathy
 B.hostility
 C.approbation
 D.unbelief
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据题干文章第二段:Its conclusions are likely to be what the advertising industry already knows：although women are often irritated by the way they are seen in ads，few feel strong enough to complain可看出正确答案就为A,冷淡的。【误区警示】B,敌对；C,正式公开谴责,太严重；D,不相信,文中并未提到。【应试技巧】这是一道推理题,由文章的语气可以推出。
74.Emma Bennett suggests that advertisement ought to ______.
 A. give further emphasis to practical advice
 B.change their style rather than their content
 C.use male images instead of female ones
 D.pay more compliments to women than before
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。由题干回原文定位,根据第五段首句“She says that it is not advertising's use of the housewife role that bothers women，but the way in which it is handled”可看出B为正确答案。【误区警示】A文中未提及。问题不在于广告使用的对象,而在于其方式,所以C不对。D是错误的做法。【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,可以看出文章的首末段及各段首句常常成为考点,应引起重视。
75. Ultimately the advertising industry should ______.
 A. take its job more earnestly
 B. do more pioneering work
 C. take notice of the public opinion
 D.concentrate on the products advertised
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。由最后一段第一句:In the end, the responsibility for good advertising must be shared between the advertiser...可看出正确答案为C。【误区警示】A,文中并没有说工作态度需要改进；B,末段第二句,广告不决定潮流,而是反映潮流,故与pioneering work无关；D,从文中找不到支持的理由。【应试技巧】推断题。根据内容定位,由此可进步看出各段首句的重要性。
 
Passage P
Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of unfortunate circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states“invest”in institutions of learning to get back “interest”in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. ①[Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctuated by textbooks-those purchasable wells of wisdom—what would civilization be like without its benefits?]
    So much is certain that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births；but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on“facts and figures”and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of“college”imaginable. ②[Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all；it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.]                    
    It is the ideal condition of the“equal start”which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no “illiterates”——while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England in 1976, and is still nonexistent in a number of“civilized”nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the“happy few”during the past centuries.
    Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents；therefore the jungles and the savages know of no“juvenile delinquency”. ③[No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to“buy”an education for his child.]
1.confront 面临
2.deem  认为；相信
3.illiterate 文盲
4.jungle 丛林
5.juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪
6.primitive cultures 原始文明
7.savage 野人  
76.The best title for this passage would be ______.
 A. The Significance of Education
 B. Educational Investment and Its Returns
 C.Education：A Comparison of Its Past and Its Present
 D.Education in the Wilderness
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。通观全文,作者通篇都在将原始文明和现代文明中的教育进行对比。【误区警示】A、B、D选项都比较片面,没能概括全文。【应试技巧】本题为主旨题,要求加标题。要注意能够概括全文内容,一般不是具体细节。
77. The author seems ______.
 A.against the education in the very early historic times
 B. positive about our present educational instruction
 C.in favor of the educational practice in primitive cultures
 D.quite happy to see an equal start for everyone
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。由第四段可知作者对原始文明中的教育抱支持态度,因为在原始文明中人人享有平等的受教育权利。【误区警示】选项A与第四段所给信息相悖,而通过第三段第一句“It is the ideal condition of the‘equal start’which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to regain.”可知作者并不认为现代教育达到了“平等起步”的理想状况,故B、D也可排除。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,要根据文中的信息做出推断。要注意选项的信息是否符合原文。
78. The passage implies that ______.
 A. some families now can hardly afford to send their children to school
 B.everyone today has an equal opportunity in education
 C. every country invests heavily in education
 D. we are not very certain whether preachers are necessary or not
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。本文末段最后一句意思是“人们无须因外出谋生而忽略了孩子的教育和看管,而为人父者也不会遇上无力为子女‘买’教育的尴尬境地。”这言下之意就是说现在很多家庭无力支付高昂的学费。【误区警示】理解全文就能很容易发现选项B与原文相反；C太绝对；D与第二段第一句矛盾。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,可以通过原文信息加上正确的逻辑推理得出答案。
79. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
 A.One without education today has few opportunities.
 B.We have not yet decided on our educational models.
 C.Compulsory schooling is a legal obligation in several countries now.
 D. Our spiritual outlook is better now than before.
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。本文第三段第三句“...while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642，in France in 1806，and in England in 1976，and is still nonexistent in a number of‘civilized’nations.”，可以判断。【误区警示】根据第一段第二句,作者只是说许多人认为没有接受教育是被剥夺了一个最伟大的机会之一,选项A理解错误；作者只是说精神面貌将不一样,但并没有说哪个优劣,D项不合题意；而选项B作者在文中并没有提及。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。要注意细节题的答案往往不是原文,而是换了一种说法。
80.“All are entitled to an equal start”(Para. 4, Lines 1-2) means “All are ______”.
 A.given a title to an equal start
 B.certain to have an equal start
 C.about to give an equal start
 D. given a right to an equal start
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。这句话的意思是“所有的人都将享有平等起步的权利”，entitle有“给予权利”的意思。【误区警示】选项A误解了entitle的意思，可排除；选项B、C语气过于武断，也可排除。【应试技巧】此题为词汇题。注意联系上下文,分析词在文中的特殊意义。
 
Passage Q
In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various induction of price, quality and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. ①[In the health care industry, however, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer.]Once an individual has chosen to see a physician, the physician usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return“next Wednesday”, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc.
    This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor's judgments that are final. ②[Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real“consumer”.]As a consequence, the medical staff represents the“power-center”in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.
    Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants, the physician, the hospital, the patient and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government), the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. ③[The hospital becomes an extension of the physicians；the payer generally meets most of the bonafide(真正的) bills generated by the physician/hospital and for the most part, the patient plays a passive role.]In routine or minor illnesses, or just plain worries, the patient's options are of course much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75—80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy measures directed at patient or the general public are relatively ineffective.
1.bulk 大部分
2.health care industry 医疗保健业
3.induction 介绍；诱导
4.mirror image 镜像；反比
5.prescribe drugs 开药
6.routine or minor illnesses 常见病或小病  
81.The author's primary purpose is to ______.
 A.criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients
 B.analyze some important economic factors in health care
 C.urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority
 D.inform potential patients of their health care rights
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。这道题是考查考生对文章中心思想的归纳总结能力,选项B“分析了医疗保健中的一些重要的经济因素，”正好符合文章的意思。【误区警示】目前的弊病是医疗体制造成的,不是由医生、医院或病人任何一方决定的,A、C、D都没有抓住问题的实质,故可排除掉。【应试技巧】此题为主旨题,要紧紧抓住主题,按照作者的思路去推断。
82.It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies because ______.
 A. it is doctors who generate income for the hospital
 B.most of a patient's bills are paid by his health insurance
 C. hospital administrators lack the expertise to question medical decisions
 D. a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient's health
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。这道题是定位于第一段,“Once an individual has chosen to see a physician，the physician usually makes all significant purchasing decisions...whether drugs should be prescribed，etc．”这句话暗示出,医生完全掌握着病人应该接受哪一种检查、应该进行哪一种治疗的决定性权力。【误区警示】根据定位段落的意思,选项B与题目无关；选项A说是医生为医院创造了收入显然不对；D不是医生有决策权的原因。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,要根据文中的信息作出推断。要注意选项的信息是否符合原文。
83.According to the author, when a doctor tells a patients to“return next Wednesday,”the doctor is in fact ______.
 A.taking advantage of the patient's concern for his health
 B. instructing the patient to buy more medical services
 C. warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessary
 D.advising the patient to seek a second opinion
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。这道题也是定位于第一段的,从这一段中我们可以看出,因为医生掌握着诊断与检测的大权,他们就可能会利用这种特殊的权力来谋求更多的利益。选项B中的buy medical services与原文中make purchasing decisions对应。【误区警示】C和D是正常的医疗建议,没有体现出谋求私利的意图；A太泛,没有改接点明真正的目的。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,答此类题时要注意文中一些表达感情色彩的词句。
84.The author is most probably leading up to a(n) ______.
 A.proposal to control medical costs
 B. discussion of new medical treatment
 C. analysis of the causes of inflation in the United States
 D.comparison of hospitals and factories
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。这道题是定位于最后一句话的,“For this reason, economy measures directed at patient or the general public are relatively ineffective,”在这里,作者又一次暗示医生的权力过大已经导致了政府、保险机构的负担过重,并且加重了不必要的浪费,所以选项A是正确的。【误区警示】选项C、D很明显是与文章无关的；选项B说的是新的治疗法,与医疗制度无关。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,要根据文中的信息作出推断。要注意选项的信息是否符合原文。
85.The tone of the passage can best be described as ______.
 A.whimsical
 B.captious
 C.analytical
 D.inquisitive
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。这道题的重点在于对这四个选项的理解：whimsical指的是稀奇古怪的；captious指的是吹毛求疵的；analytical指的是分析性的；inquisitive指的是好刨根问底的。【误区警示】选项A很明显不正确；对于选项B来说,虽然作者是在批评现行医疗保健制度的缺点,但是他的分析是中庸的,并不是吹毛求疵。【应试技巧】此题为词汇题。注意联系上下文,分析其在文中是否有特殊意义。
 
Passage R
Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language；but few people are even moderately proficient in pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious. Some perhaps not so obvious. ①[But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently never set about tackling it in the right way.]Far too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a skill—one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of itself. ②[I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language.]So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught；the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and by his whole attitude to the subject should get the student to feel that there is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions when other aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.
    Apart from this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge；the second, technique.
    It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be obtained from books. It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory(语音学理论). It is also possible in this way to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. ③[Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.]
1.mechanics 技巧
2.proficient 熟练，精通
3.set about doing 开始，着手做某事
4.take second place 居次位
5.tackle 解决  
86.What does the writer actually say about pronouncing foreign languages?
 A. Only a few people are really proficient.
 B. No one is really an expert in the skill.
 C.There aren't many people who are even fairly good.
 D.There are even some people who are moderately proficient.
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。根据第一段第二句but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages)并根据同义改写的原则可得出正确答案为C。【误区警示】从文章首段一句few people...看,作者认为few people说得一般,意即几乎没有说得真正好的,A中的a few不确切；B过于绝对化；D与原文的意思有出入。【应试技巧】细节推理题。可根据同义改写的原则,但改后原义应不变,不要选过于绝对化或过于细化的答案。
87. The writer argues that going about the problem of pronunciation in the wrong ways is ______.
 A. an obvious cause of not grasping the problem correctly
 B.a fundamental consequence of not speaking well
 C.a consequence of not grasping the problem correctly
 D.not an obvious cause of speaking poorly
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。根据题干在原文中定位第一段第五句话：But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce可知正确答案为C。【误区警示】A不是原因,是结果。B不是not speaking well而是not grasping the problem；D同理。
88.The best way of learning to speak a foreign language, he suggests, is by ______.
 A. picking it up naturally as a child
 B.learning from a native speaker
 C.not concentrating on pronunciation much
 D. undertaking systematic work
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。从文章可知,作者对学习外语给出建议,从语音入手,并注意语法、拼写,所以是一个系统的工作,正确答案为D。【误区警示】选A。此比喻文中未出现过；B.文中未出现,与本文无关。C正好与文中意思相反。【应试技巧】这是一道推理题,可通过原文信息加上正确的逻辑推理得出其案,而此类题的答案往往具概括性。
89.The value the student puts on correct speech habits depends upon ______.
 A.how closely he attends to the matter
 B.whether it is English that is being taught
 C.his teacher's approach to pronunciation
 D. the importance normally given to grammar and spelling
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。根据第一段倒数第二句, the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this，and by his whole attitude to the subject should get the student to feel that there is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention。【误区警示】学生的专心程度是由老师的态度影响的,所以A不是根本原因。B所教的语言种类并不是原因。D是错误的主要原因与原文相反。【应试技巧】根据对应原则,在原文中找出相应的句子,找出正确答案。
90. How might the teacher find himself wasting lesson time?
 A. By spending lesson time on pronunciation.
 B.By making ill-informed comments upon pronunciation.
 C.By not using books on phonetics in the classroom.
 D.By not giving students a clear mental picture of the difference between sounds.
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据文章最后一句,unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use，and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted可选出正确答案为B。【误区警示】花时问在语音上不是浪费,A不对；C并不是一定要用语音学的书，只要运用书中的方法即可：D过于细化,故不是正确答案。【应试技巧】这是一道推断题,但因原句和答案选项比较简单,所以不难做对。
 
Passage S
Scattered through the seas of the world are billions of tons of small plants and animals called plankton(浮游生物). Most of these plants and animals are too small for the human eye to see. They drift about lazily with the currents， providing a basic food for many larger animals.
    Plankton has been described as the equivalent of the grasses that grow on the dry land continents, and the comparison is an appropriate one. ①[In potential food value however, plankton far outweighs that of the land grasses.]One scientist has estimated that while grasses of the world produce about 49 billion tons of valuable carbohydrates each year, the sea's plankton generates more than twice as much.
    Despite its enormous food potential, little effort was made until recently to farm plankton as we farm grasses on land. ②[Now marine scientists have at last begun to study this possibility, especially as the sea's resources loom even more important as a means of feeding an expanding world population.]
    No one yet has seriously suggested that“planktonburgers”may soon become popular around the world. As a possible farmed supplementary food source, however, plankton is gaining considerable interest among marine scientists.
    One type of plankton that seems to have great harvest possibilities is a tiny shrimp-like creature called krill(磷虾). Growing to two or three inches long， krill provide the major food for the giant blue whale, the largest animal ever to inhabit the Earth. ③[Realizing that this whale may grow 100 feet and weigh 150 tons at maturity, it is not surprising that each one devours more than one ton of krill daily.]
    Krill swim about just below the surface in huge schools sometimes miles wide, mainly in the cold Antarctic. Because of their pink color, they often appear as a solid reddish mass when viewed from a ship or from the air. Krill are very high in food value. A pound of these crustaceans (甲壳类动物) contains about 460 calories—about the same as shrimp or lobster, to which they are related.
    If the krill can feed such huge creatures as whales, many scientists reason, they must certainly be contenders as new food source for humans.
1.contender 竞争者
2.devour 吞食
3.equivalent 对等物
4.loom 显得重要
5.maturity 成熟
6.school  此处指鱼群  
91. Which of the following statements best portrays the organization of the passage?
 A.The author presents the advantages and disadvantages of plankton as a food source.
 B. The author quotes public opinion to support the argument for farming plankton
 C.The author classifies the different food sources according to amount of carbohydrate
 D.The author makes a general statement about plankton as a food source and then moves to a specific example.
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。全文是典型的总分结构。第一段总起,引出话题,从第二段开始具体描述,故选D。【误区警示】A为前一部分的结构；B未提及；C为第二段结构。【应试技巧】此题为主旨题。要求分析文章的结构,注意从全局把握。
92.According to the passage, why is plankton regarded to be more valuable than land grasses?
 A. It is easier to cultivate.
 B.It produces more carbohydrates.
 C.It does not require soil.
 D.It is more palatable(美味的).
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据文章第二段最后两句,可见浮游生物可以提供更多的碳水化合物,故B为正确答案。【误区警示】其余三项未提及。【应试技巧】此题为细节题。阅读相关段落,从中找出所需语句。
93. Why does the author mention“planktonburgers”(Line 1. Para. 4)?
 A.To describe the appearance of one type of plankton.
 B.To illustrate how much plankton a whale consumes.
 C.To suggest plankton as a possible food source.
 D.To compare the food values of beef and plankton.
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。文章第四段提到“planktonburgers”，下一句对其进行了解释,“...a possible farmed supplementary food source,...”。【误区警示】作者提到浮游生物汉堡只是提出一种可能的把它们作为食物的方式,A中说用于描绘一种浮游生物的样子,显然不对；B与此句内容无关；D推断不出来。【应试技巧】此题为推断题,要紧密联系原文中的相关信息,注意题目的要求。
94. What is mentioned as one conspicuous feature of krill?
 A.They are the smallest marine animals.
 B. They are pink in color.
 C.They are similar in size to lobsters
 D.They have grasslike bodies.
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据第六段第二句,“because of their pink color...”故选B。【误区警示】A未提及,而且显然不对,C、D也未提及。conspicuous意为“显著的”。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,只要从文中找出相关原文很易回答。
95.The author mentions all of the following as reasons why plankton could be considered a human food source EXCEPT that it is ______.
 A.high in food value
 B. in abundant supply in the oceans
 C. an appropriate food for other animals
 D.free of chemicals and pollutants
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。文章第二段第二句中提到选项A的内容：第二段末句提到B的内容；第一段末句提到C的内容；只有选项D的内容在文章中未提到。【误区警示】其余三项均在文中提到,所以不选。【应试技巧】此题为细节题,只要从文中找出相关原文很易回答。
 
Passage T
①[It being not only possible but even easy to predict which ten-year-old boys are at greatest risk of growing up to be persistent offenders, what are we doing with the information?] ②[Just about the last thing that we should do is to wait until their troubles have escalated(增高,升高)in adolescence and then attack them with the provisions(条款,规定) of the new Criminal Justice Bill.]
    If this bill becomes law, magistrates(法官) will have the power to impose residential car orders. More young people will be drawn into institutional life when all the evidence shows that this worsens rather than improves their prospects. The introduction of short sharp shocks in detention centres will simply give more young people a taste of something else they don't need；the whole regime of detention centres is one of toughening delinquents, and if you want to train someone to be anti-establishment,“I can't think of a better way to do it,”says the writer of this report.
    The Cambridge Institute of Criminology comes up with five key factors that are likely to make for delinquency: a low-income family, a large family, parents deemed by social workers to be bad at raising children, parents who themselves have a criminal record, and low intelligence in the child. Not surprisingly, the factors tend to overlap. Of the 63 boys in the sample who had at least three of them when they were ten, half became juvenile delinquents—compared with only a fifth of the sample as a whole.
    Three more factors make the prediction more accurate: being judged troublesome by teachers at the age of ten, having a father with at least two criminal convictions and having another member of the family with a criminal record. Of the 35 men who had at least two of these factors in their background 18 became persistent delinquents and 8 more were in trouble with the law.
    Among those key factors, far and away the most important was having a parent with a criminal record, even if that had been acquired in the distant past, even though very few parents did other than condemn delinquent behavior in their children.
    The role of the schools emerges as extremely important. The most reliable prediction of all on the futures of boys came from teachers' ratings of how troublesome they were at the age of ten. ③[If the information is there in the classroom there must be a response that brings more attention to those troublesome children: a search for things to give them credit for other than academic achievement, a refusal to allow them to go on playing truant(逃学者),and a fostering of ambition and opportunity which should start early in their school careers.]
1.adolescence 青少年
2.detention centre 拘留中心
3.juvenile delinquent 少年犯罪
4.offender 犯法者
5.overlap 相互重叠
6.regime 政权  
96.According to the author, delinquency should be tackled ______.
 A.before adolescence
 B. during institutional treatment
 C.during adolescence
 D.when the problem becomes acute
参考答案：A    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选A。根据文章第一段第二句难句翻译与注释。The last thing that we should do is to...。
【误区警示】B、C、D为干扰选项,C容易与A相混淆,B与D意思差不多,但与原文不符。
【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,仔细阅读文章首末段及各段的Topic Sentence不失为攻克细节题的好方法。
97. The number of young offenders could be reduced by the way of ______.
 A. new legal measures
 B. better residential care
 C.brief periods of harsh punishment
 D. examination of their backgrounds
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。根据文章中第五段:far and away the most important was having a parent with a criminal record,和第六段中：The most reliable prediction of all on the futures of boys came from teachers' ratings of how troublesome they were at the age of ten.可以看出D为正确答案。
【误区警示】 A为相反答案,根据原文new legal measures有可能会增加犯罪人数；B为无关选项,文中并未提及此项；C根据第二段：If you want to train someone to be anti-establishment,“I can not think of a better way to do it,”反而起到反作用。
【应试技巧】这是一道推理题,可以通过对段落或句子并结合全文中心意思得出正确答案,而与中心意思一致的往往是答案。
98. What is the outcome result of putting young offenders into detention centres?
 A.They become more violent.
 B. They receive useful training.
 C. They become used to institutions.
 D.They turn against society.
参考答案：D    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选D。第二段最后一句说detension centre会带给他们a taste of something else they don't need,...and if you want to train someone to be anti-establishment,表明detension centre只会带来负面影响,可以选出正确答案为D。
【误区警示】A为干扰项,此项可能为正确的,但因原文中并未提及此种说法,故不选；B为相反选项,根据第二段最后一句可以很容易排除；C为无关选项,文中并未提及是否己经适应了这些机构。
【应试技巧】这是一道细节题,回原文中找到并读懂文章原句,即可做出正确选择。而细节题的解答也与全文中心有紧密联系,此外还要注意变化,答案往往是原文的另一种说法。
99. Ten-year-old children likely to become offenders are usually ______.
 A.spoilt children from small families
 B.bright children in a poor family
 C.dull children with many brothers and sisters
 D. children whose parents have acquired wealth dishonestly
参考答案：C    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选C。根据文章第三段第一句:five key factors that are likely to make for delinquency的第二个a large family和第5个low intelligence in the child,即可选C: dull children with many brothers and sisters为同义改写。
【误区警示】A选项的bright与第五个因素相反,文中的5 key factors并未提到这一个；B为无关选项；D与文中所述：Parents who themselves have a criminal record.不一致。
【应试技巧】这是一道细节推理题,再次提醒广大考生凡文章中出现的列举都要引起注意。
100. The writer concludes that potential offenders could be helped by ______.
 A. spending more time at school
 B. more encouragement at school
 C.more activities outside school
 D.stricter treatment from teachers
参考答案：B    您的答案为：空
详细解答： 【解题思路】选B。根据末句中...a search for things to give them credit for other than academic achievement...可得出B为正确答案。
【误区警示】A为正确的但不够全面；C为相反选项；D为错误选项。
【应试技巧】这是一道推理题,回原文中定位,找到相关内容后一一对照,排除错误选项。